Alissa
Hasson and Abbie Hultquist steer a cart through the aisles of a Skokie
supermarket – two new college roommates weighing the merits of M&Ms
vs. Kit-Kat bars.
The task may seem simple, but it’s
designed to teach the 19-year-olds teamwork and how to shop within a
budget. It’s also part of orientation activities for a post-secondary
program geared to students with learning and emotional disorders,
believed to be the first of its kind in the Chicago area, experts say.
These
are students of average to above-average intelligence who benefited
from years of special-education programs and other services. But now,
through the program, they have a community of family members, mental
health professionals, tutors and others who understand their
limitations.
Called College Living Experience, the Nashville-based
enterprise has a tuition that hovers around $33,000 a year – and that
doesn’t cover classes, books, room or board. The money does not buy
ivy-covered buildings, richly paneled libraries or a massive football
stadium. Instead, CLE offers scaffolding: intensive help with studies, independent-living and social skills.
The inaugural class of 11, all from Illinois, struggle with ADD,
Asperger’s syndrome, high-functioning autism and special needs that
make it difficult to navigate life in the typical dorm or frat house.
Students
live in one- and two-bedroom apartments across from Oakton Community
College’s Skokie campus and near a support team that can quickly
intervene when life unravels.
“I was so nervous when I
moved in,” said Hasson, of Northbrook, who “bombed out” in her first
college attempt. “New environments scare me. But it really helps to
have someone to go to when I get stressed.”
Hasson wants
to be a police officer. Hultquist of Highland Park would like to try
acting. The remaining students envision futures in education, computers
and business.
While academics are important, it is
practical life skills – organizing their apartments, understanding time
and money and, especially, making and keeping friends – that can be
more challenging.
So, not long after the boxes were
unpacked last week, a learning specialist visited each apartment,
bringing along simple tools for everyday survival: a red glass bowl to
hold keys, cell phones and wallets and a canvas bag to divide junk mail
from bills. Each student got a debit card holding just enough money for
one week and color-coded markers to distinguish materials from
different classes. Few students juggle more than three courses.
“They
are so easily overwhelmed,” said Judith Gethner, director of the Skokie
site. “If you give them too much at one time, they’ll just shut down.”
Nationally,
only about 13 percent of young people with these “invisible”
disabilities attend college, according to the U.S. Department of
Education. (In another era, they dropped out of high school and headed
to factories, steel mills and other well-paying blue-collar jobs that
have all but vanished from America’s landscape). The fact that these
young people are mentally and physically able but still have profound
deficits means they don’t fit easily into existing categories. One
other school in Illinois, Brehm Preparatory School in Carbondale,
serves this population.
In a way, they are pioneers
because there is little data on outcomes. But as more researchers zero
in on diagnosis and treatment of these impairments, there is growing
awareness these young people desperately need post-secondary options
that will lead to jobs and independence.
“Typically, they
develop psychiatric and other behaviors – such as depression and
addictions – that are even more troubling. Or they end up back on Mom
and Dad’s doorstep,” said Matt Cohen, a Chicago attorney who
specializes in special-education issues. “You’re better off [in terms
of programs] with a kid who has severe mental illness or Down syndrome
than a kid in between.”
Before high school graduation, the
students are eligible for services under federal law. Once they get
their diplomas, the programs usually come to an abrupt halt, leaving
them without assistance at the most dangerous time—a situation that
should concern all citizens, not just their parents, Cohen said. From a
public policy standpoint, schools have invested tens of thousands of
dollars in these students, but without adequate support, that
investment can be squandered, he said.
“These kids don’t
have the skills to take it to the next step. So, you’ve gone from
someone who might be a productive member of society to one who might
need lifelong services. It’s a tragic waste,” he said.
Since
her daughter left high school, finding the answer to “what’s next?” has
been a constant worry, said Marlee Hasson, Alissa’s mother and a social
worker.
“You want what’s best for your kid; you want them
to reach their potential. But you can’t just send these kids off to
college. There’s just too much turmoil,” she said.
That’s
one reason this program aggressively expanded, said Mark Claypool,
chief executive officer of Educational Services of America, the company
that bought CLE two years ago.
Founded
in 1989 by psychologist Irene Spalter, who was leading a social skills
group for young adults with borderline cognitive abilities, CLE
started in Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. In 2006, sites were launched in Denver
and Austin, Texas. This year, Monterey, Calif., Washington, D.C., and
Skokie joined the roster. But the tools provided by the program won’t
necessarily help the students find a peer group. Many are unable to
read social cues. All of them are intimately familiar with the sting of
rejection.
“In junior high, I would get physically or
verbally abused on a daily basis,” recalled Hultquist, tearing up at
the memory. “I would eat lunch sitting at one of those big tables all
by myself.”
Like many CLE
youths, Hultquist credits her parents with getting her through school,
constantly feeding her a steady stream of optimism to counter a
battered self-esteem. When she was drawn into a fight with a tormentor
that resulted in a suspension right before 8th-grade graduation, her
father responded not with a reprimand, but with soothing words about
how much he believed in her.
“Everything I do now is to make my parents proud of me,” she said.
But
in a conventional college environment, no one cares if you show up for
class or dinner, making it easy to retreat to your room, spending long
hours playing video games, watching TV or just sleeping.
Safeguards against isolation are built into CLE.
A 7,000-square-foot student center on Lincoln Avenue serves as a
meeting place, where everyone is required to come for tutoring. Someone
is monitoring class attendance and stopping by the apartments three
times a week. Most evenings, students plan social events, from movies
to pot-lucks. A peer support staff – graduate students in psychology –
is a discreet part of the mix.
For all their vulnerabilities, these students have families with resources. The $33,000 tab only covers CLE services; other expenses are extra, bringing the total to $45,000 to $50,000 – more than a year at Harvard.
“It’s
a lot for a community college, but I see this as an investment . . . a
way to live independently and be successful,” said Marlee Hasson. “How
can you put a price tag on peace of mind?”